Essay about Biography of President Thomas Jefferson

Thomas Jefferson, the third president of the United States is one of the more lauded, revered, criticized, and respected presidents of all time. In fact, he’s better to be seen as two people: a quiet and secluded philosopher, and an informal, public and loud president; it just so happens that these conflicting personalities found their home inside of Thomas Jefferson. This paper shall cover how come these personalities came into conflict so often, by examining his philosophies, the actions he took during his presidency, and the similarities between the two – or lack thereof. Thomas Jefferson was elected as president in 1800, in what he called â€Å"the Revolution of 1800 [12].† This was a long, bitter election between Jefferson, a†¦show more content†¦Jefferson started in a great place, the economy. He worked hastily with his advisor, Albert Gallatin, to develop new economic policies. After persistent deliberation on the matter, Jefferson found a blessin g and a curse. He found that he could do several things he wished to do, such as eliminate the national debt, change the market policy, and eliminate several taxes. Though, Jefferson did not eliminate the national bank due to the begged pleas of his advisor [10] [12] [1]. This was rather inconsistent with Jefferson’s philosophies as Jefferson was one of the biggest opponents of a national Bank. In fact, he was foremost when confronting Jefferson with overstepping his constitutional boundaries. This was just the first of the hypocritical decisions that plagued Jefferson during his presidency. He did, however, change several other economic policies in the United States. For example, Jefferson strayed away from the government-regulated market policy that Hamilton was a proponent of, and instead embedded a free market in its place. This market was founded in the principles of laissez-faire. This model did not last long though, and ended up devastating the economy. This will be to uched on later, but for now there’s the Louisiana Purchase to discuss. While Jefferson was working to alter the American economy, Spain and France were working to alter their territories. In 1800, Spain signed a treaty bequeathing the LouisianaShow MoreRelatedThomas Jefferson And His Influence On American History967 Words   |  4 Pagessocieties. Thomas Jefferson, an early American founding father, is credited to have had much influence on what shaped our early American society, and what would go on to eventually become the bases of our modern American way of life. â€Å"Jefferson is best known as the leading classical liberal in American history. As the author of the Declaration of Independence, he outlined the political principles that launched the new nation.† (James Thomas Jefferson, Life Centered Philosophy) Thomas Jefferson was notRead MoreThomas Jefferson And His Achievements And Political Decisions1262 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson, one of the most well-known presidents in American history, was the third president of the United States, and was known as one of the Founding Fathers, for he is one of the principle authors of the famous Declaration of Independence. Thomas Jefferson is an important factor of the development of the United States. This leading figured has influenced the prosperity of the America’s with his achievements and political decisions, regarding the United States JosephRead MoreWho Is Thomas Jefferson?993 Words   |  4 Pages Who is Thomas Jefferson? Matthew Backlin United States History 1 A CP October 18, 2015 Who was Thomas Jefferson? 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Thomas Jefferson vision for this country was well represented in the writing as he wrote it beforeRead More Thomas Je fferson and The Declaration of Independence Essay1444 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Jefferson and The Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson was the author of The Declaration of Independence, and according to Bellis, Jefferson was also a jurist, a diplomat, a writer, an inventor, a philosopher, an architect, a gardener, a negotiator of Louisiana Purchase, but he only requested three of his many accomplishments to be noted on his tomb. (2005). Thomas Jefferson was a very smart politician and he knew what to say to whom in order to enhance their support. This essayRead MoreThomas Jefferson: One of Americas Most Inspirational Men Essay964 Words   |  4 PagesThomas Jefferson was not only our nations third president, but one of the most inspirational men in our United States history. 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In the biography of Thomas Jefferson it states â€Å"that he wished to be remembered for only three things; drafting the Declaration of Independence, writing and supporting the VirginiaRead MoreAmerican Sphinx The True Character Of Thomas Jefferson Analysis963 Words   |  4 Pages Many books have been written about Thomas Jefferson, the writer of the Declaration of Independence, the first secretary of state the third president of the United States of America, but the majority are biographies. In the book American Sphinx: The True Character of Thomas Jefferson, author, Joseph J. Ellis, writes about the character of Thomas Jefferson, by examining his thoughts, actions, and writings in different periods of his life. 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Thomas Jefferson’s parents were well off, but his father died when Thomas was 14. When Jefferson was 17 years old, he got permission to attend the College of William and Mary. Thomas Jefferson did many things

The Issue Of Gun Control Laws - 2761 Words

One of the most debated topics in the U.S. is about gun control laws. Constant dispute between citizens and the government shows that there are two sides; for or against control. Arguments, whether oral or written, point out various ways how it can either help or hurt our society here in the United States of America. Most people however agree by reinforcing these laws violates the citizen’s 2nd Amendment rights which states, â€Å"A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.†1 Regarding favoring or arguing against stronger gun control laws, majority of all society is completely against stronger gun control laws and banning firearms due to several reasons; Violation of our Second Amendment, Precautions, security and self-defense, and blunt fact that criminals will and always will remain criminals. â€Å"Gun rights expounders have argued and some federal courts have ruled that the Second Amendment recognizes ‘an individual right to keep and bear arms.’†2 This argument has been brought up many times within the last 100 years as seen in some cases. One of the well-known court disputes, D.C. v. Heller, tried to ban handguns in the hands of citizens as well as all other firearms to remain disassembled and so called â€Å"inoperable†. This case was repealed and was pronounced as unconstitutional. The part that turned the minds of the judges was the fact that if handguns are banned in the hands ofShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws861 Words   |  4 Pagesgovernment has the responsibility to protect people. Currently, the gun violence has threatened the American public safety, people used gun to kill many people for their own interests. The United States constitution believes Americans have their own gun to protect themselves. Some people said g uns will protect their life easily. Whether, America should have strict gun control laws or not bring about the debate in society. Gun issue is not only a big problem from United States, it’s also a big problemRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1407 Words   |  6 Pagesits path. There is no exact definition of mass shootings, but most sources believe it is when four or more people are shot in one location. Citizens in America are easily able to obtain a gun and the growing issue is whether this should change and stronger laws in place. Although citizens believe gun control laws take away second amendment and right to protect themselves, mass shootings are increasing yearly and action needs to happen to prevent the next attack. America’s at a high withRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1701 Words   |  7 PagesA gun has the capacity to convert a conflict into a serious crime. The power of a gun is vast. But it the power of the gun is appreciated in right hands. The effects of a gun can be cherished when it is used by right hands and with the right intention. The effects of the gun are condemned when it reaches in wrong hands. A gun can protect as well as end someone’s life. When it ends the life of a criminal, it is a sign of bravery but when it takes the lives of innocent people it is condemned. ThereforeRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1410 Words   |  6 Pagesto have and remain fight prepared. Regardless, this has remained a basic issue since decades. There have been a lot of senseless murders and killings around the United States. With better gun control laws in effect these killings and murders would not have been possible. The government, the states, and the peopl e all need to work together to come to a solution to prevent things like this in the future. Better gun control laws would mean less killings and murders happening around the world. Think ofRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws1536 Words   |  7 Pagesright to bear arms. This Amendment, when written had no limitations or constraints, however there seems to be more laws than ever trying to govern or ban the carrying and even ownership of firearms as a whole. Many say that the reasons for the attempt of gun control laws are due to the safety of the public nevertheless if you look at the statistics themselves it shows that armed law bidding citizens stop more violent crime involving and not involving firearms if armed than the police department,Read MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws852 Words   |  4 PagesIn about every nation, gun control has always been an issue of controversy. Gun control laws are quite different from country to country, each possessing different requirements, specifications, and ordinances, so on and so on. What will be examined are the specified gun control laws in three international countries, ranging from Canada, Australia, and Japan, as well as a comparison and contrast of the the similarities and unique differences toward American gun control laws and those in other countriesRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Laws Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages GUN CONTROL LAWS There is a need in this country for gun control laws as well as benefits for the citizenry who own them. With the current state of our society these days, owning a gun has become a necessity for some, if not all, household. I, myself, conform for every household having a gun. Although we have our police force always ready to rescue anyone in distress, every second matters when we are facing face to face with danger. Granted that the authorities are already underway, having somethingRead MoreEssay about The Issue of Stricter Gun Control Laws1861 Words   |  8 PagesThe issue of stricter gun control laws is an on-going battle that continues to be debated at both the local and federal levels. Regardless of one’s viewpoint on the matter, this subject makes for a very passionate debate on both sides. At question is whether or not stricter laws and regulations help reduce the number of gun-related crimes. Obviously, the answers vary greatly depending on the strongly held viewpoi nt of the responders. Often, horrible gun-related crimes are committed by peopleRead Moregun control research essay1222 Words   |  5 Pagesarticle that studied gun control. â€Å"Stricter state gun laws associated with fewer gun deaths, study finds.† The article discussed gun control laws in states with stricter laws tend to have lower rates of gun related homicides, and a suicide (ProCon para. 1) Gun control in the United States is becoming a wide spread issue and is becoming a problem everywhere. Although I am living in a city with uprising crime that has been skyrocketing over the years, I wasn’t aware of this being an issue all over the UnitedRead MoreGun Control1724 Words   |  7 PagesEnglish 1302 5th march 2013 Sides of Crime Control Gun control laws have been surrounded by controversy since The Bill of Rights, including the Second amendment was passed in the congress. A well-regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, the founders wrote. Until recently there was considerable argument over just what the founders intended by their words. Did they mean to provide only for armed

Revisiting Day of the Week Effect in Indian Stock Market Free Essays

In recent years the testing of market anomalies in stock returns has become an active field of research in empirical finance and has been receiving attention not only from academic journals but also from the financial press as well. Among the more well-known anomalies are the size effect, the January effect and the day-of-the week effect. According to this phenomenon, the average daily return of the market is not the same for all days of the week, as we would expect on the basis of the efficient market theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Revisiting Day of the Week Effect in Indian Stock Market or any similar topic only for you Order Now The objective of this paper is to examine the existence of day of week effect in Indian stock market. Daily closing prices of SP CNX Nifty index have been analyzed over fifteen years period commencing from January 1994 to December 2008. A set of parametric and non parametric tests has been used to test the equality of mean returns and standard deviations of the returns. The mean returns on Monday and Tuesday are negative while on Wednesday these are highly positive. Also, the impact of introduction of rolling settlement on the stock returns is observed. The results show that before rolling settlement came in 2001, Tuesday was showing highly negative returns and Wednesday highly positive. But after the introduction of rolling settlement, the seasonality in the distribution of the mean returns across different days of the week ceased to appear. Thus the markets have become more efficient over a period of time. KEY WORDS: Market Efficiency, Calendar Anomalies and Day-of-the-Week Effect INTRODUCTION A Stock Exchange is a common platform where buyers and sellers come together to transact in securities. It may be a physical entity where brokers trade on a physical trading floor via an â€Å"open outcry† system or a virtual environment. The Stock Exchange, Mumbai (BSE) and the National Stock Exchange (NSE) are the India’s two leading stock exchanges. Indian security market is one of the oldest markets in Asia. It has come a long way from earlier days of floor trading to the present day screen and net based trading. This study is an attempt to have a deeper insight in to the behaviour and patterns of stock price distribution in the Indian stock market. The price of a security should vibrate around its intrinsic worth in any efficient market. In finance, the efficient-market hypothesis (EMH) asserts that financial markets are â€Å"informationally efficient†, or that prices on traded assets, e. g. , stocks, bonds, or property, already reflect all known information. The efficient-market hypothesis states that it is impossible to consistently outperform the market by using any information that the market already knows, except through luck. Therefore, the past price movements can in no way help in speculating the prices in future. The price of each day is independent. It may be unchanged, higher or lower from he previous price, but depends upon new pieces of information being received each day. So seasonalities cannot be used to formulate trading strategies to earn abnormal returns according to efficient market hypothesis theory. Calendar anomalies are cyclical anomalies in returns, where the cycle is based on the calendar. It describes the tendency of stocks to perform differently at different times. For example, a n umber of researchers have documented that historically, returns tend to be higher in January compared to other months (especially February). There are three types of efficiencies as explained in efficient market hypothesis. So calendar anomalies mainly explain weak form of efficiency which says that previous price changes or changes in return are useless in predicting future price or return changes. Some of the calendar anomalies are Month-of-the year effect, Month-of-the quarter effect, Week-of-the month effect, Day-of-the-week effect or Weekend effect, Monday effect, Hour-of-the-day effect or the End of the-day effect, holiday effect and turn of the month effect etc. Among them the day-of-the-week effect is most widely documented across the countries and markets. In context to stock market the majority of research findings, indicates that the stock returns remain low or negative on Monday. This paper examines the day-of-the-week effect in Indian stock market, using S;P CNX Nifty data of last fifteen years from January 1994 to December 2008. REVIEW OF LITERATURE There is an extensive literature on the day-of-the-week effect in the stock returns. This section examines a few research works on the day of the week effect in Indian and international stock markets. Ziemba (1993) investigated the weekend hypothesis for the Japanese market using daily data from 1949 to 1988. Tuesday recorded negative returns following a one day weekend and Mondays declined after two days weekends. Balaban (1994) found day of the week effect in an emerging stock market ISECI of a developing country Turkey for the period 1988 to 1994. Highest returns on Friday and lowest returns on Tuesday were observed. Mishra (1999) studied day of the week effect in Indian stock market using Sensex and Natex for the period 1986 to 1998 indicating the presence of day of the week effect in Indian stock market. Friday returns were found highest and significantly different from the mean returns of other days. Hence there exists a Friday effect. Berument and Halil Kiymaz (2001) tested the presence of the day of the week effect on stock market volatility by using the S;P 500 market index during the period of January 1973 and October 1997. The findings showed that the day of the week effect is present in both volatility and return equations. While the highest and lowest returns were observed on Wednesday and Monday, the highest and the lowest volatility were observed on Friday and Wednesday, respectively. Further investigation of sub-periods reinforced findings that the volatility pattern across the days of the week was statistically different. Sarma (2004) examined seasonality across the days of week in Indian stock market using BSE indices- SENSEX, NATEX and BSE 200. Highest variance on Monday was found and weekend effect was confirmed by this study. Nath and Dalvi (2004) examined the day of the week anomaly in Indian stock market for the period from 1999 to 2003 using index S;P CNX NIFTY data. The study found that before introduction of rolling settlement in January 2002, Monday and Friday were significant days. However after the introduction of the rolling settlement, Friday became significant. Mondays were found to have higher standard deviations followed by Fridays. Davidsson (2006) found evidence of day of week effect in S;P 500 index. Davidsson found Wednesday was the weekday with highest rate of return and Monday was weekday with lowest rate of return. Also Monday was the only day with negative rate of return. Wednesday’s returns were found approximately four times of Monday’s returns. Badhani (2008) examined the presence of day-of-the-week effect on stock returns, trading volume and price volatility at the NSE during the period of 10 years from 1995-2005. Wednesday effect was found during earlier weekly settlement regime which now disappeared. Monday and Tuesday returns were consistently low but during recent sub period these were not significantly different from other days of week. Also on Monday the average trading volume was significantly low and price volatility was high consistently across the entire sample period. Mangala (2008) examined day-of-the-week effect in sub periods in Indian stock market using S;P CNX Nifty data. Highest returns on Wednesday and lowest on Tuesday were observed. Also findings showed that seasonality in return distribution across weekdays was confined to pre rolling settlement time period; thereafter seasonality vanished. DATA AND METHODOLOGY This study covers a sample period of fifteen years from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2008 comprising a total of 3695 observations(days). The stock prices are represented by S;P CNX Nifty index. The closing values of this index have been obtained from the official website of National Stock Exchange (www. nseindia. com). There was trading on certain weekly closing days (i. e. 18 Saturdays and 3 Sundays); these days have been excluded from the sample. During the above sample period of fifteen years many structural changes also took place in the market. For example rolling settlement was introduced in place of weekly settlement system. Therefore, the behaviour of stock prices has been studied on an yearly basis so as to gauge the impact of these changes on the stock prices. Measuring the Daily Returns Daily percent return on the index for a given day of the week has been calculated by subtracting the closing price of the previous trading day from closing price of that day, then dividing the resulting no. by closing price as on the previous trading day and multiplying by 100. Rt = Pt-Pt-1 * 100 Pt-1 Rt is daily return on the share price index for day t Pt is the closing value of index for the day‘t’ and Pt-1 is the closing value of the index for the preceding day. Hypothesis and Testing Procedure The null hypothesis is that there are no differences in the mean daily returns across the weekdays. The non parametric Kruskall- Wallis (H) test has been applied to test seasonality in returns across weekdays to test the hypothesis. Null hypothesis is: – Ho:  µ1=  µ2=  µ3=  µ4=  µ5 Here,  µ1,  µ2†¦Ã‚ µ5 represent mean returns of different trading days of week. It means that mean returns across all the five days of week are equal. Alternative hypothesis is: – H1:  µ1?  µ2?  µ3?  µ4?  µ5 It implies that there is significant difference in mean returns across the trading days in a week. Different statistical tools have been used to find the results like mean, standard deviation, range, skewness ; kurtosis etc. Then the most scientific and logical non-parametric Kruskall-Wallis (H) test has been applied to check the hypothesis. The Kruskall Wallis test requires the entire set of observations being ranked – higher the value, higher is the rank and vice-versa- then arranged into nj ? 5 matrix where nj represents the rank of the return and columns represent the day of the week (Monday through Friday). The value of H is calculated by formula: |H |= |12 |( |[pic] |(Rj)2 |) |  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚   |3(N+1) | | | |[pic] | | |[pic] | | | | | | |N(N+1) | | |nj | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Where: Rj= sum of ranks in the jth column nj = number of cases in the jth column N = sum of observations in all the columns The calculated H value has been compared with the table value of the chi-square(? 2) distribution with (k-1) degree of freedom, where k stands for the number of trading days in a week. Hence H0 is rejected if H;gt; ? 2 H0 is accepted if H;lt; ? 2 The value of H in our study is taken as the critical value at 1% as well as 5% level of significance. Further Dunn’s multiple pair comparison test based on rank matrix built in K-W test has been used to find seasonality by a pair wise multiple comparison procedure. It identifies whether particular day of the week differs from other days of the week. The test procedure relies on Kruskall-Wallis rank sum Rj. The data in the rank-day matrix prepared for ‘H’ test is used for this purpose. For a given level of ? decide ?  µ ? ? if |Ru-Rv| ? Z [? /k(k-1)] [N(N+1)/12]1/2 [1/n µ + 1/nv]1/2 Where,  µ = 1, 2†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦k-1 v= +1,†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. k k = 5 N = total number of observations n µ = corresponding number of observations in the uth column nv = corresponding number of observations in the vth column Ru = Average K-W rank sums in the uth columns of the rank matrix Rv = Average K-W rank sums in vth co lumns of the rank matrix Z[? /k(k-1)] = the upper percentage point of the unit normal distribution for a given significance level for 99 percent confidence level is 2. 575 Further the returns have been analyzed for two sub-periods i. e. Sub period-1 before rolling settlement (weekly settlement period) ; sub period-2 after the rolling settlement was introduced. In weekly settlement time period, Tuesday used to be as the settlement day on NSE. In 2001, rolling settlement was introduced which shifted settlement cycle from a fixed day of the week to fixed settlement lag. Tuesday settlement might be the possible reason for the observed seasonality in stock returns. DATA ANALYSIS Here the day of the week pattern of the S;P CNX Nifty data from January 1994 to December 2008 has been tested, results of which have been depicted in Table 1. It is observed from the table that the mean returns on Monday i. e. -0. 08563 percent are minimum followed by Tuesday. Mean returns on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday are positive out of which Wednesday’s return with 0. 303 percent is maximum across all the days of the week. The mean return on Wednesday is about 8 times the overall mean return. The variation in mean returns measured in terms of standard deviation is found maximum on Monday (1. 870303 percent) followed by Friday (1. 740897 percent). It shows that trading on week start and week end is more volatile than other days of week. Skewness is positive only on Wednesday while other days of week have negatively skewed distributions. Kurtosis tells us the extent to which a distribution is peaked or flat topped when compared with a normal curve. The return distribution on Monday, Tuesday and Friday is leptokurtic while on Wednesday and Thursday are platykurtic. Through table it is also observed that range on Monday is highest which is also a measure of Dispersion. There is a significant difference in mean returns across different the different days of the week as evident by K-W (H) statistics (21. 78) which is highly significant at 1 percent level of significance. Therefore the null hypothesis of equality of mean returns across various days of the week stands rejected. |Table 1. Summary Statistics of Daily Stock Returns of S;P CNX Nifty(Jan 1994-Dec. 2008) | |   |Monday |Tuesday |Wednesday |Thursday |Friday |All Days | |Mean |-0. 08563 |-0. 07615 |0. 30300 |0. 1895 |0. 03221 |0. 03838 | |Standard Deviation |1. 8 7030 |1. 50858 |1. 62655 |1. 55153 |1. 74090 |1. 66944 | |Skewness |-0. 71612 |-0. 15909 |0. 40400 |-0. 05609 |-0. 35999 |-0. 24662 | |Kurtosis |4. 29741 |4. 47636 |1. 79652 |1. 53957 |5. 66062 |3. 98682 | |Range |7. 54838 |8. 29523 |7. 9590 |6. 30507 |7. 83089 |20. 53297 | |No. of Observations |741 |742 |740 |744 |728 |3695 | |K – W(H) Statistics 21. 278* | * Significant at 1 percent level for 5-1 degrees of freedom Table 2 represents actual and expected multiple comparison values as per Dunn’s multiple pair comparison test to study pair wise comparison among different days of the week. This test is based on rank matrix built in Kruskall Wallis Test. The calculation of actual and expected values is shown in table 3 while the deviation of actual from expected ranks is shown in table 3. So it is observed from the table 3 that there is inequality in Monday – Wednesday, Tuesday – Wednesday, Wednesday – Thursday and Wednesday – Friday pairs as these are showing positive deviation of absolute rank sum values from the corresponding Z value or expected value. It means these pairs are showing more inequality in returns than expected and Tuesday – Wednesday is showing highest positive deviation. Also it is observed from the table that Wednesday appears in all above pairs. It means Wednesday returns are significantly different from the other days of week. Wednesday is showing highly different mean returns from rest of the days. So a trading strategy of buying on Tuesday and selling on Wednesday may help an investor to earn abnormal returns. |Table 2. Actual and Expected Multiple Comparison Values | | | |   |Actual |Expected | |   ||RU ? Rv| |Z |[N(N+1)/12]1/2 |(1/nu+1/nv)1/2 |Z[N(N+1)/12]1/2 (1/nu+1/nv)1/2 | |Monday-Tuesday |40. 64 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0519 |142. 6521 | |Monday-Wednesday |197. 07 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0520 |142. 7620 | |Monday-Thursday |30. 38 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0519 |142. 5697 | |Monday-Friday |50. 24 |2. 75 |1066. 799 |0. 0522 |143. 3388 | |Tuesday-Wednesday |237. 71 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0520 |142. 7070 | |Tuesday-Thursday |71. 02 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0519 |142. 5147 | |Tuesday-Friday |90. 88 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0522 |143. 3114 | |Wednesday-Thursday |166. 69 |2. 575 |1066. 99 |0. 0519 |142. 6246 | |Wednesday-Friday |146. 83 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0522 |143. 3938 | |Thursday-Friday |19. 86 |2. 575 |1066. 799 |0. 0521 |143. 2015 | |Table 3. Deviation of Actual from Expected Rank Differences | |Monday-Tuesday |-102. 12 | | | |Monday-Wednesday |54. 308 | | | |Monday-Thursday |-112. 190 | | | |Monday-Friday |-93. 099 | | | |Tuesday-Wednesday |95. 03 | | | |Tuesday-Thursday |-71. 495 | | | |Tuesday-Friday |-52. 431 | | | |Wednesday-Thursday |24. 065 | | | |Wednesday-Friday |3. 436 | | | |Thursday-Friday |-123. 41 | | | Table 4 represents the yearly distribution of mean returns on S;P CNX Nifty for different days of the week from 1994 to 2008. Also to test whether these differences in the mean returns on different days are statistically significant or not, the non parametric ‘H’ statistics has been used. The table value of the chi-square (? 2) distribution at 1 percent level of significance is 13. 277 and at 5 percent level of significance is 9. 488. If we look at year wise KW statistics, up to year 1999 ‘H’ statistics is highly significant and after 1999 it is insignificant. |Table 4. Yearly Distribution of Mean Returns on S;P CNX Nifty by Day-of-the-Week | |(January 1994 – December 2008) | | | | | |Year/Day |Monday |Tuesday |Wednesday |Thursday |Friday |KW Statistics | |1994 |0. 47012 |-0. 16573 |-0. 36687 |0. 01075 |0. 32745 |9. 945** | |1995 |-0. 51580 |-0. 33583 |0. 25709 |-0. 6627 |0. 11756 |11. 145** | |1996 |-0. 35599 |-0. 35342 |0. 53600 |0. 18662 |0. 07796 |10. 114** | |1997 |-0. 46253 |-0. 14396 |1. 04706 |-0. 16222 |-0. 06761 |19. 917* | |1998 |-0. 12914 |-0. 52606 |0. 78280 |-0. 15417 |-0. 22507 |13. 245** | |1999 |-0. 00553 |0. 07532 |0. 98097 |0. 10327 |-0. 00305 |14. 48* | |2000 |-0. 16997 |-0. 28629 |0. 49777 |-0. 10239 |-0. 16992 |4. 989 | |2001 |-0. 21325 |0. 11775 |0. 30553 |0. 08010 |-0. 60214 |4. 987 | |2002 |0. 00508 |-0. 15830 |-0. 05939 |0. 07054 |0. 22584 |4. 226 | |2003 |0. 15214 |0. 13598 |0. 26208 |0. 13987 |0. 38014 |2. 323 | |2004 |-0. 4126 |0. 26824 |0. 04482 |0. 02138 |0. 07889 |1. 236 | |2005 |0. 29696 |0. 04875 |0. 02291 |0 . 08195 |0. 18711 |1. 806 | |2006 |-0. 09098 |0. 01140 |0. 22203 |0. 22753 |0. 33653 |1. 198 | |2007 |0. 24310 |0. 32425 |0. 02874 |0. 30801 |0. 02442 |2. 139 | |2008 |-0. 36369 |-0. 13064 |-0. 04547 |-0. 5441 |-0. 24632 |1. 46 | | All Years |-0. 08563 |-0. 07615 |0. 30300 |0. 01895 |0. 03221 |21. 278* | | | | | | | | | |*Significant at 1% level | | | |**Significant at 5% level | | | Further entire study period has been divided into two sub periods: Period 1 (January 1994 to Decemeber 2001) and period 2 (January 2002 to December 2008). Period 1 represents the time when weekly settlement was operational and during this time frame NSE had fixed settlement day – Tuesday. Period 2 represents the time period when rolling settlement was introduced in place of weekly settlement cycle. | | | | | | | | |Table 5. Mean Daily returns on S;P CNX Nifty by Day of the Week for Sub-Periods | |   |Monday |Tuesday |Wednesday |Thursday |Friday |KW Statistics | |Subperiod-1 |-0. 17276 |-0. 20228 |0. 50504 |-0. 01304 |-0. 06810 |42. 752* | |Subperiod-2 |0. 00197 |0. 05294 |0. 09734 |0. 03923 |0. 12735 |2. 84 | | | | | | | | | | | |*Significant at 1% level | | | It is analyzed from the above table that in sub period 1 (1994 to 2001) all days except Wednesday gives negative rate of return. This is clearly the impact of Tuesday settlement that returns on Tuesday are lowest and on Wednesday it is highest positive. It means beginning of settlement cycle ives maximum returns while last day of settlement cycle called settlement day gives lowest returns. Also a very high value of KW statistics i. e. 42. 752 represents a high degree of seasonality in sub period 1 (before rolling settlement time period). To bring more frequency in the transactions and to bring Indian markets at par with the international markets rolling settlement on T+5 basis was introduced in December 2001. So in sub period 2 when rolling settlement was introduced, returns on all the days have become positive and Friday is giving maximum returns and Monday is giving lowest returns. This hints towards the presence of some sort of weekend seasonality. But the value of ‘H’ statistics is very low i. e. 2. 684. From this it can be inferred that the return distributions are not significantly different across the week days and the null hypothesis stands rejected in the sub period 2. Thus it may be concluded that with the introduction of rolling settlement on NSE the stock markets have become more efficient. CONCLUSION During the period 1994 to 2008, S;P CNX Nifty index recorded highest positive returns on Wednesday and most negative returns on Monday with highest volatility on Monday and Friday. It means week start and week end tend to be more volatile in Indian stock market. Also it has been analyzed that Wednesday is giving significantly higher returns than other days of the week which points towards the existence of Wednesday effect in Indian stock market. There was presence of day of the week effect in pre-rolling settlement period which gradually phased away with the introduction of the rolling settlement. Markets have become efficient after rolling settlement has been introduced. So in present scenario we can’t rely on a trading strategy formulated on the basis of historical return movements on different days to earn abnormal returns as seasonality has disappeared in the recent years of the study period. How to cite Revisiting Day of the Week Effect in Indian Stock Market, Papers

The International Airport of Heathrow

Question: Demonstrate an understanding of the nature of hospitality and tourism products and services. Identify and explain the roles played by tourism and hospitality organisations in the development of tourism industry. Explain approaches and processes of tourism planning. Answer: The International Airport of Heathrow The Heathrow airport is found in the Western side of Central London. It has a central waiting area in terminal five. The airport is used by over eighty airlines that fly to around 185 destinations in eighty-four countries. The airport has Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Anglican, Free Church, and Catholic chaplains. It also has a prayer room where people with different faiths can go and also counseling rooms found inside all its five terminals. It also hosts the St. Georges multi-church congregations in an underground chamber (Bowman Simons, 2011). Accommodation Corinthian Hotels It is situated in the heart of the London city. The hotel is closer to River Thames. The hotel is just a distance away from Trafalgar Square, Covent Garden and Westminster. The hotel is also near the city and Mayfair. The hotel is praised for its stylish suites, imaginative penthouses and fine rooms that offer the state of art twenty first century luxuries. It also within a walking distance to the Westminster Abbey, the London Eye, the houses of parliament, the National gallery, West end theaters and other beautiful areas (Aitken, 2011). Shopping areas The Blue Water Mall The Blue Water Mall is located out of the town center in a place called Stone. It is 28.6km Eastern of Londons Centre. It has a park that occupies 240 acres (97ha). It is also said to have a sales floor area of about 154,000m (1,600,000ft) that is above two levels. This makes the mall to be ranked as fourth biggest shopping center inside Britain. Its floor plan is known to take a triangular shape that has 330 stores, three anchors, forty restaurants and cafes. The mall also boasts of a thirteen-cinema screen. Museum The Imperial War Museums It is a national museum organization with five of its branches around England. Three of these are in London. The museum keeps photographs, archives of official and personal documents, video and film material, and all oral history records. In addition, it also has a large art collection, a large library and also some examples of military aircraft and vehicles, artifacts and some other equipments (Balmer Raphael, 2015). Religious Building The Westminster Abbey It is located in London inside the city of Westminster, just next to the palace of Westminster. It has been one of the notable religious buildings and also a customary situates of burial as well as a coronation place for the England royals. It has two towers known as the Western towers that were built between the year 1722 and 1745 by a person known as Hawksmoor Nicholas. He built it using Portland stone, Purbeck marble used on the walls and floors (Trowels, 2013). The Westminster Abbey It is located in the Westminster city. The Abbey is a living pageant of Englands history like Queens, Kings, soldiers, statesmen, priests, villains, poets, and heroes. The Abbey receives over one million tourists and visitors who come to have an experience of the wonderful seven hundred year old building. Visitors who come to Westminster are provided with Audio guides, which are available in eleven languages that are French, German, Russian, Portuguese, Italian, Mandarin Chinese, Hungarian, Japanese, and Polish. These audio guides are free and come with individual entry tickets. The Westminster tour takes around one hour. To visit Westminster, all adults are required to pay a fee of twenty Euros while the children pay a fee of nine dollars. However for children under the age of five years, they are not required to pay any fee. The Westminster has facilities like: bathrooms, designatedwheelchairs, level access lifts or ramps, which take you to a restaurant. It has communication facilities like hearing loop system (McAlpine, 2015). It caters for special dietary needs of those who come to visit. Those who have disabilities like the lame are able to access the building due to availability of trained staff when it comes to handling people with disabilities. The building also has a drop-off point outside its main entrance for guests who come in vehicles to park. The building has routes for different visitors. There is a route, which is suitable for those using wheelchairs, which are often provided freely by the Westminster. It has attraction facilities like the audio commentaries, giftshops, patrontoilets, indoors and outdoors. It has catering facilities like event catering, restaurants, picnic sites, and vegetarian options when it comes to their menu. The building also has event facilities and conference rooms and meeting rooms. The payment options available include; creditcards, traveller cheques, and debit cards that are all accepted when a visitor wants to pay. The life of the Westminster is known for revolving around morning prayers, worshipping, the Eucharist and the Evensong. Its services are always open to the public (Nicholson Wright, 2016). Roles Played by the Culture, Sports and Media Department in Britain This department of the United Kingdom government has many responsibilities when it comes to sports and culture in Britain and also some other aspects related to media throughout Britain like regulation of internet and broadcasting. It also has an important role in the leisure, creative industries and tourism. (Mason, 2015). The departments other major duties include preparation of ancient monuments export authorizing of the customary commodities, managing of the governments painting collections as well as listing of all historic buildings within the United Kingdom. This is also the department that is tasked with overseeing state royal funerals and ceremonial occasions, organizing of Britains annual Remembrance Dayceremonies, provision of humanitarian aid when disasters occur. The department also has policy control over three statutory corporations and also other two broadcasting authorities, which are independent of the governments policy influence. These bodies include; Historic Royal Palaces, Office of Communications, Channel, Four Television Corporation. The public broadcasting authorities under this department include the Sianel Pedwar, S4C Authority together with the British Broadcasting Corporation. The department is also responsible for other non-departmental public entities like the Arts Council England, British Library, British Film Institute, with many more others. The department is also the main sponsor of some advice-giving non-departmental public entities like the Treasure Valuation Committee, Reviewing Committee on the Export of Objects of Cultural Interest and Works of Art and Theatres Trust. (Park, 2011). Visit Britain This is the official tourist board of the United Kingdom. It plays a very important part in raising Englands profile worldwide, building the countries tourism product, increasing the value and volume of tourism exports and at the same time developing the countries visitor economy. The department achieves this by partnering with many different stakeholders around the country and also outside its borders. It provides the different industries based in Britain with research to help the industries build their tourism business. It encourages inspirational marketing that is relevant so as to target better product development (Hitchens, 2016). Visit Scotland It is a national tourism organization that is charged with the main responsibility of promoting Scotland as the best destination for visitors. It gives Scotland a real worldwide presence in the global marketplace. This greatly benefits the whole of Scotland. Visit Scotland core objective is to contribute to the tourism 2020 strategy goal of growing its tourism revenues by one billion Euros by that time. Visit Scotland has adopted several strategies for achieving this. (Park, 2011). Principles of Destination Management Plan These Principles are for individuals and organizations that have an interest in working together so as to realize some more benefits in their areas so as to be able to attract more visitors. It is all about agreeing on the future and current priorities and activities involved in a more systematic way by using the principles of destination management plan. These principles are very important as they help in (Mason, 2015); Establishing emerging destinations management organizations or those that have become loose. The principles help separate organizations that have relevant duties and interests like the local authorities, the private sector, heritagebodies, community groups and tourism associations. They help committee members or individuals that have an interest in the process of destination management at different stages. There are five main principles involved when it comes to planning, they include: Agreeing to Plan Together All good plans always require good planning for them to be successful. It is always important to at least spend some time to discuss, think and agree about a certain idea or ideas when it comes to developing a destination management plan. We must know all the things that are required so as to come up with a very tangible and appropriate plan. When planning we should always ask ourselves some very vital questions like; What the plan is all about, why should we do it, whether this plan is appropriate for that particular area, who will be involved and what really needs to be put into it. 2) Gathering of Evidence All the destination management plans are always good when they are evidence based rather than just building them based on assumptions or on some limited knowledge and opinion. It is important to always be aware of all information that may have been collected by individuals, previous visitor economy plans, research and strategies available for different sectors. We can also use the national data at the present. Putting together information about a particular smaller area within the destination. 3) Setting the Direction After gathering enough and adequate evidence about a particular destination in terms of performance we now use the evidence to identify the desired goals that we want for the visitors economy in the future. We formulate the best way of achieving this goal. These goals must however be guarded by an element of realism meaning they can be attained within the planned period. 4) Identifying the Action It is important to identify very clear actionable plans when it comes to implementing the destination management plan. These action plans must be guided by plans strategic objectives. These actions must relate to the way these management plans are framed, prioritized and selected. The major aim of the management plan is to coordinate actions among the different stakeholders. However, individual organizations are the ones accountable for the quality of their products as destination management plan can only raise awareness influence and encourage improvements that are supposed to be made. 5) Measuring Progress and Keeping it going Every Destination Management Plan must be seen as a living entity that must always be kept fresh and relevant by constantly using it. This may call for structure to be put in place to support the Destination Management Plan with ongoing communication and reporting.programme of reviewing, a process for assessing DMP impact and its renewal. References Aitken, T. (2011). One Hundred One Beautiful Towns of Great Britain. Averbuck, A. (2015). Lonely Planet Europe (Travel Guide). Balmer, D., Raphael, A. (2015). Good Hotel Guides 2016 Great Britain and Ireland. Bowman, M. W., Simons, G. (2011). London's Airports: Useful Information on Gatwick,Luton,Stansted,City and Heathrow. Higgins, C. (2015). Under Another Sky: Journeys in Roman Britain. Hitchens, F. E. (2016). Aircraft Museums of the United Kingdom. Knightley, L. (2016). London 2016: A Travel Guide to the Top Twenty Things to do in London,England: Best of London,United Kingdom,Great Britain. Mason, P. (2015). Tourism Impacts,Planning and Management. McAlpine, F. (2015). Stuff Brits Like: A Guide to What's Great About Great Britain. Nicholson, L., Wright, A. (2016). National Geographic Traveller: London,4th Edition. Park, R. (2011). Hidden Scotland: Tartan Tourism. Runcie, I. (2013). The Number 11 Bus Tour of London. Trowels, T. (2013). Treasures of Westminster Abbey. Weaver, S. (2015). The History of Graet Britain.

GLUEP BALL EXPERIMENT Essays - Matter, Manufacturing,

GLUEP BALL EXPERIMENT Darina Vrublevskaya Observations TRIAL ONE TRIAL TWO BALL REST Does not maintain its shape Maintains its shape BALL BOUNCE Does not bounce and sticks onto the desk Does bounce, about 15 cm up THIN STRIP The strip pulls off and falls The strip holds together PULL ENDS SLOWLY Falls apart Gluep stretches far PULL ENDS QUICKLY Falls apart Snaps into two Questions In glue t he tangled molecules make glue thick and viscous rather than thin and runny. When glue is exposed to air, the water evaporates, leaving the tangled polymer molecules. The tangled molecules stick to the surfaces on which they dried, and hold the surfaces together. Borax has ions can form links between the long, thin polymer molecules in the glue which makes Gluep more like a solid than the plain liquid glue. It allows holding its shape for a short time, and as long as it is not strained. When Gluep rests, the flexible network gradually relaxes, and the Gluep flattens. When Gluep is stretched quickly, the links between molecules break, and the Gluep snaps apart into pieces. Gluep contains a lot of water that contributes to the liquid-like properties to Gluep . If the Gluep is left exposed to open air, the water will evaporate, and the Gluep will gradually stiffen. Altering the materials affected the consistency of the Gluep ball because each substance that was added into the mixture had different types of ions which made the texture different, and the Gluep ball act differently too. This is all linked to stoichiometry because it is the relationship between the relative quantities of substances taking part in a reaction or forming a compound, typically a ratio of whole integers . In this experiment, we compared substances and have observed different types of reactions to them. Works Cited FLINN Scientific Canada. (2013). Glue Slime. Retrieved from https://www.flinnsci.ca/glue-slime/dc91643/ SciFun . (2014). Gluep - Solid or Liquid? Retrieved from http://scifun.che m. wisc.edu/HomeExpts/gluep.htm

Repudiate, Refute, and Reject

Repudiate, Refute, and Reject Repudiate, Refute, and Reject Repudiate, Refute, and Reject By Maeve Maddox How can I resist jumping into the fray over Sarah Palins use of the word refudiate? Heres the notorious tweet as it originally appeared: Ground Zero Mosque supporters, doesn’t it stab you in the heart as it does our throughout the heartland? Peaceful Muslims, please refudiate.† Here is the tweet with which it was replaced: Peaceful New Yorkers, pls refute the Ground Zero mosque plan if you believe catastrophic pain caused @ Twin Towers site is too raw, too real. I was amazed and delighted that a mere word could cause such a stir. Within minutes, it seems, we were informed that the word had been used once before, in 1984, by science-fiction writer John Sladke. Looking up Sladke, of whom Id never heard, I learned that he wrote satire. That could explain his use of refudiate. The word is a portmanteau that seems to combine refute with repudiate. The corrected tweet uses refute where reject would be more appropriate. Refudiate is an amusing word and one which, like misunderestimate is going to be used a lot in jest. It does not, however, seem to bring any new meaning or connotation to the language. repudiate: To cast off, disown (a person or thing previously claimed as ones own or associated with oneself). Repudiate is a transitive verb. You repudiate something or someone you no longer wish to be associated with. You can repudiate a debt, a wife, or a belief. †¦this paper argues that it may well be in poor people’s interests for their governments to repudiate debt.   Its time to repudiate this doctrine and satisfy U.S. energy needs without reliance on military intervention. Will NAACP repudiate their own racist comments about Kenneth Gladney, caught on tape? J.C. Watts says Christians should repudiate extremist groups refute: To prove (something) to be false, esp. by means of argument or debate. Refute is also a transitive verb. You refute an argument or a doctrine or a claim by offering evidence to disprove it. Does Neuroscience Refute Free Will? Trademark Owners Often Can Refute the First-Sale Doctrine The major evidence that refutes Mr. Stinnett’s claim †¦ comes from archival documents that were declassified in 1999†¦ Vice provost Dr Patrick Prendergast told the news provider the plans [to include non-traditional students] refuted the perception among some of TCD as an elite institution. Gerdemann hopes to refute the continually underlined idea that no one can contest the Tour de France without doping†¦ reject: To refuse to recognize, acquiesce in, submit to, adopt, or allow†¦; to refuse to believe (a statement, etc.), to discard from consideration. NZ Government must reject whaling plan Belmonte, Lakas reject plan to slash pork barrel Scotland must reject dependency culture Germany Will Probably Reject Opel Aid Request, Lawmaker Says By all means, have fun with refudiate. Just dont use it in your serious writing when what you mean is repudiate, refute, or reject. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Creative Writing 101Loan, Lend, Loaned, LentEnglish Grammar 101: Prepositions

Researsh Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Researsh - Essay Example The law of the land distinguishes criminal guilt and civil liability. This indicates that the two court systems have different expectations from the complainant and the accused persons or organizations. On the other hand, the civil courts require different levels of proofs in order to attract compensation for the victims (Harr 16). Code enforcement officials are liable for all complaints arising from their area of authority. In any instance, enforcement officials are responsible or liable for complaints relating to health, zoning, and building, city planning and business regulation. This indicates that code enforcement officials are in control of both individuals and organization within the region. Therefore, it is possible to be sued either as an individual or as a department. Although most civil cases in Kentucky and other states deal with institutions and organizations, individuals also get involved with civil torts. Code enforcers can be categorized into building inspectors, fire marshals, zoning officials, health inspectors and the police force. Each of these organization focuses on different areas that is of civic interest. According to the stratification of code enforcement officials, it is evident that civil cases or torts concentrate on organizations (Harr 56). On the other hand, code enforcers are mainly organizations. However, this does not rule out the possibility of civil cases that affect individuals. For instance, building inspectors are charged with the responsibility of ensuring that all buildings within the state comply with its building ethics and requirements. Owners of buildings can be both individuals and organizations. On the other hand, construction can be done by construction companies or individual contractors depending on the com plexity of a building. Thus code enforcement official are liable to torts committed by individuals or

Marketing Management Principles, Practices and Religion Essay

Marketing Management Principles, Practices and Religion - Essay Example On the other end, faith, which happens to be the greatest provider of meaning in all people’s lives fails to register not even a single statement on the radar of nearly every mainline of marketing reading materials published in the past rigid couple of decades. This apparent and particular paradox is the systemic provider of the backdrop to this paper. Today, different analysts are examining the berthing idea of adjoining politics and religion into the broadened marketing camp. There are brief contemporary reviews of religious marketing, where analysts are undertaking comparison of politics and religion to assess whether these pillars can conform to a uniform framework of marketing for environments, which are non-business. Again, there is critical examination of the idea that religious economy validates marketing in faith environments. All these examinations depict a common factor whereby, they all aim at determining whether it is appropriate to apply marketing management prin ciples and practices to religion (Daft & Marci, 2010). This paper will explore significant objectives that revolve around adopting principles of marketing and methods that show the degree in which marketing management principles finds it appropriate to apply adoption of religious practices and principles.... best part of the past century is that, there has been continuous adoption of marketing principles and practices but its seeds are appearing in the modern part of early years of the twentieth century where disciplinary forms of academics are revealing modern systems of marketing in politics. Years earlier, innovators came up with mass leafleting, polling through computers, personal letters, and established relationship between marketing, and the World Wide Web where efforts to incorporate business and religion passed fruitlessly. This is because of the fact that, most of these innovations oriented business into politics as opposed to business and religion (Curry, 2009). A brief survey of religious marketing Late twentieth century witnessed accelerated adoption of methods of marketing from the mainstream of consumer marketing to initiation in different aspects of life such as religion. At the close of twentieth century, every channel presented and segmented different religious services where the public has an opportunity of choosing. Different writers started documenting the emergency of religious marketing as part of academic focus in early 1980s. Since then, publishing of religious marketing management reading materials started only to last for no more than a year (Vallabhaneni, 2008). However, as time went on, these religious reading materials took a different direction as they started appearing once more in the late 1990s. Particularly, in the US where there a number of organizations equipped with special knowledge, books, and courses were available with the view of helping churches grow and expand their congregations by applying marketing methods and practices into their marketing mainstream. The challenge of religious marketing Even though there are no conventional

Assumptions and Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assumptions and Design - Essay Example The researcher’s basic beliefs or assumptions guide him/her about research methods, including the researcher’s ontological beliefs (beliefs about the nature of reality), epistemological beliefs (beliefs about what is possible to know), and axiological beliefs (beliefs about what is ethical and the role of values in research). Armour Peterson article employs qualitative design to study post homicide experience of family members of homicide victims (Armour, 2002). Qualitative research design, such as the one employed by Armour, is designed to riposte to questions regarding the intricate nature of occurrences with the aim of explaining, describing, and understanding the phenomena being researched (Creswell, 2003). The author beliefs that the relatives of homicide victims are an ignored lot and their post homicide experiences are molded by the social ambiance and the superiority of the government’s schema for justice. The choice of qualitative method is further supported by the author’s belief that attention to the needs of this population is limited, and hence the need for a qualitative method to generate knowledge and explain various aspects. Since only very few empirical researches exist about post homicide experiences of the family members of the homicide victims, the researcher had to record words and phrases and then look for meaning, concepts or theories. In addition, the post homicide experiences of each family vary greatl y; the researcher had to adopt a qualitative design since full and rich data is scarce and is not obtainable through quantitative studies. Data is best obtained through taking comprehensive notes, recording conversations and writing detailed observations. Mixed methods would combine both quantitative and qualitative approaches. In applying mixed methods, the philosophical assumption would be that findings about post homicide experiences could be generalized across all the families of the homicide victims. To

Assessment Of The German Political System Politics Essay

Assessment Of The German Political System Politics Essay Germanys current form of government democratic federal republic parliamentary system. Federal republic of Germany originated in 1945 but was not the government for all of Germany till it was united in 1990. It comprises of 16 states after the merger of the West and the East government of Germany following constitution GRUNDGESETZ of the West Germany. The president is a only a position to nominate the Chancellor who is the head of the government. In turn the chancellor recommends or dismiss members of the federal cabinet who help him in the governing of the country. The country is divided into sixteen states who are represented by Bundesrat occupying an total number of sixty-nine seats. All constitutional initiatives must first be sent to bundesrat and must pass by 2/3rd votes. The Bundestag is the federal assembly which is directly elected by the citizens which consists of 614 seats. The legal body is the Federal constitutional court which makes the supreme court decisions. Germany political influence over foreign business: Germany while giving a strong global boast to numerous international businesses faces many challenges of overcoming its post-writschaftwunder state and also struggling with high tax rates and unemployment. After the world war the government forced companies to invest in one and other which led to companies too compile a long time planning yielding low profits. Late in 2002 Germanys parliament ended the capital gain and cross holding giving freedom to companies to invest freely. Ever since the countrys growth has been significant to a position of business leader. Germany political risk and expropriation: Germany has stable government with minimum political risk for international business, the corruption level in the country is very low. The policies of the government provide little risk to business expropriation. The judicial system upholds the law and is fair with the foreign business. There seizer of assets and property by the government has not to be feared without a compensation or post-uninfected. Although eminent laws do exist specifically article 14 paragraph 3 of German law which discusses basic rights of property which apply to both individuals and businesses. The law states that expropriation shall only be permissible for the public good and it may only be ordered by or pursuant to a law that determined by establishing an equitable balance between the public interest and the interests of those affected. German laws provide property protection laws and by the European union. The European union treaty allows violation of the laws can be brought to European court of justice. Even though the country has booming business overall its economy is suffering. The main reason being that the small and medium industries are not prospering its people are more of a saver than spending which is the main reason hurting the economy. Later in 2003 France and Germany supported the USA in the campaign against Iraq hoping it would boost the economy. This strategy was based upon the theory of Broken Window fallacy by Henry Hazlitts Economy but it failed. Over all the war brought down the economy. Germany has always been a proud country not allowing other countries to boss them or interfere in their politics after their loss in the world war II they renewed their ideas and moved to a more political and business module allowing them to gain status in trade control and even government sanctioned control over businesses. Assessing the German politics Germany does have companies and business it protects but on the whole it is safe environment for international business and investment. Leading the economy in the European union its political system is open to international business and investors. As in all Germany has low political risk. Germanys legal system Germanys legal structure: Germanys legal structure starts with the constitution known as the basic law which holds two major function it insures the rights of the individuals as well as establishes the bodies of government for the land. The traditional system Germany follows is know as the civil law system, there no precedent set by the judicial rule. The civil law follows a system of codes which consists of five civil, civil procedure, commercial, and criminal procedure these code are further divided into five books which includes the general part, obligations, properties, family, and inheritance. The judicial system has to also obey the laws set up by the European union as it is part of the organization. The courts are divided into three category the ordinary courts, the specialized courts, and the constitutional court the highest court in each category is called federal court. The federal court of justice also know as Bundesgerichtshf is the last court of appeal for a review. The federal constitutional co urt also know as bundesverfassungsgericht only hears matters dealing with constitutional rights. The constitutional court is divided into two divisions dealing with two different halves of the constitution. German laws: German tax law is a very complicated and constantly changing and but Germany has many tax deduction laws which help but it only depends on the companies tax advisors knowledge and loyalty. The tax includes social insurance, a wage tax and a solidarity tax. Ten percent of the writing on taxation is on Germany tax laws. The social tax is equivalent to twenty one percent of the total taxable income which pays for the healthcare and social services. The employer must pay the social tax that matches the amount the employee pays to the government as well. The wage tax is based on the income the personal and it is divided into three ranges. The deduction on these taxes vary and complicated and it mainly helps the rich who are able to meet the requirement. Which is why the government is criticized for its taxation law. Germany has a strong employee biased law and is called Employee protection law. The act requires the employees to be given safe and healthy work environment, limited physical labor. Expecting and nursing mothers are protected by the maternity protection act, and provides fully paid material leave before the due date. The government has strict laws against child labor, those under 15 and older attending full time schooling are prohibited from employment. The hours of work act has a strict requirement of safety and health protection and the average time they are allowed to work a day. But there are no laws on minimum wages instead it is written in the contract. All the employees should be treated equally and discrimination on the basses of sex, cast, religion and color are prohibited by law. Laws on the termination are extensive, there should be a minimum of six to seven months notice before termination. Germany being a member of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development an organization made up of thirty countries resolving economic, environment and social issues. These countries are striving for a free market economy to bring up the living standards, financial stability, employment and other needs. And in 1997 these countries signed a convention, introducing a law in there judicial system The Act of Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Official in International Business in September of 1998 but it came in action in February 1999. Ever since bribery of foreign public official became a criminal offence before which only domestic bribery was considered an offence. Hence companies who deducted bribes on taxes were cracked down and where punishable by law. Germany has one of the strict laws on market restriction especially when it comes soliciting activities such as telemarketing which can only be carried out if the companies have prior consent. In general German legal system is stable and safe for international businesses to transpire without fear. And it also protect human rights to the fullest and gives freedom to invest globally. Germanys Economic market Germanys economy: During the second world war Germanys inflation ran uncontrolled due to Hitler imposing price controls which lead to an inflation in the economy with some sectors of the economy failing. After the war the country suffered a full economical crisis with the prices of goods frozen and the excess of printed money for the war there was sever shortage of good with food being the most. The economy was reduced to a bartering system. To ascertain there was no threat to the country the government substantially weakened the industrial power which included the shutting down the building of planes, ships and ammunitions which where the driving force of German economy before the war started. The Marshall plan helped Germany in monetary and psychology support however the monetary support of dollar was not enough and with currency Reichsmark worthless, the grate economic miracle or Wirtchafswunder was mainly due to the reform in currency. Many economists in the country addressed the reform in the currency and in 1948 they introduced the Deutsche Mark and along with it they reduced taxes and lifted the price controls. With these reforms Germany in several years had rebuilt its economy and had advanced to become the third largest economy in the world. Even with all this Germany miraculous period it has many natural reasons in deceleration of the economy the main reason being the countries service sector of industries was not as good as the manufacturing sector which overall lowers the competitiveness in the global market. And second being the slow accumulation of capital as the country has reached its peak in production, the third factor being the drop in job market due to the shock and the increase in the oil prices. Due these factors reforms are being made in the laws and the constant growth in the GDP and world demand of German goods remaining firm reforms are to be made to keep the countries output growth. The country has experienced a stage where unemployment had reached a record high due to poor economy and harsh winters causing construction and production to stand still. Each country has an way to calculate there unemployment Germany follows the European foundation for the improvement of living and working condition accordi ng to it the number of people registered as unemployed as a percentage of the total number of people in employment and seeing employment. But presently due to the strong global economy and other factors the unemployment has reduced. Germanys travel and tourism has grown significantly in recent years due to the low prices of visiting and staying in Germany it has become one of the most visited sites in Europe. As of 2003 Germanys service industry has brought 7% of the total GDP. Majority of the tourist are from the US, united kingdom, Switzerland, Belgium, France, and Italy. The German automobile industry has been one of its pride industries. The industry is one of the highest employers of the population. However the automobile industry being the highest income it is considered the lowest environmental friendly as Germany has done little in the development of eco-friendly vehicles. Germany is a promising country for private investors since the reforms in the government which diversified portfolios, tax reforms, maximizing shareholder value and other political changes. The credit system in Germany has similar operations as US and other countries. The banking system in Germany is one of the biggest in the world since the formation of the European union it follows the rules and regulation of the European central bank. From 2001 Germany has replaced its Deuteche mark to Euro. Germanys Social-Culture When someone travels to a new environment even if they do not know their language their body language speaks at lot for them. So it is essential to know the opposite parties culture before you make a mistake. Like some body language in your culture may mean good but in others it may mean bad like how you greet, or how you sit, or how you wave these all have different meaning in different languages. In some countries their culture and their speaking include a lot of hand signals during such time you should be very careful. For example a wave in Germany during a business meeting is not accepted as good while it may mean differently to you, or if it is a birthday a person should not wish him before the date as it is considered bad in Germany. Such small differences may hinder or cause difficulties in your business on the long rum. Even though Germany has reformed its ideas to permit its business culture but their rigid formal and to the point business styles is still the same as the old ways of the national socialism beliefs. Germany has a very unique business culture which they follow even with their wide globalization. Due to these cultures it is a fact that products of a German production under a German manager is said to have a high quality. There companies and managers use quality and responsiveness and dedication to maintain and produce quality goods. All of these are possible because they are good planners and their workers proceed according to the agenda planed for them. Germany has one of the best health care systems in the world and are fare to all its citizens. There insurance options include three government, private and a combination of both and majority being covered by the government. Each of the insurance in available to citizens on the amount of earnings per annum. German is the official language of Germany and Austria, the Hoch Deutsch is the formal German spoken and taught. The language has similarities to English and Dutch languages. Germany since long has had a major problem of racism, the racial violence is one of the major factor in attacks on individuals since the time of Adolf Hitler who was a against Jews but now it ahs taken a new form racism against color and creed . Germanys Technology Germany is one of the most advanced country in the world in technology. Germany has a law called The German Digital Signature Law to enforce high security technical standards. Siemens home and office and the Polyapply are Germanys leading communication devices. these help companies to increase engineering productivity and to meet the world demands. Polymer electronics which are the application of ambient intelligence same as Rf communications have come a long way. Every country may have technology but the cost of for such high technology cannot be owned all countries but Germany has all these and that is why its one of the worlds leading in technology. Even the health care system is to advanced that some are not found in most parts of the world. Conclusion After considering all the factors of the country Germany is one of the best countries in the world for international business. Having a stable political system, the third best economy with strict laws giving equal justice cultural freedom and on of the best technology. Germany having a central geographical position and part of the European market it is considered a center for international businesses. The country is the world leader in exporting goods. The main factor for Germanys success in the global market is its government who have supported in the development, research and studies in various fields of the market. Currently one of Germanys critical international business involves European Aeronautic Defense and Space Company which is a merger of European union aeronautical companies.

The wars affect on civilization :: essays research papers

This paper is about stuff i know little about. I'm eally just riting this so i can get some stuff for myself. I plan on making contributions to this site at a later time. As for now, I will just type this so as to gain access to the site. As you hav noticed I put one space after each end of sentence period, although most common typing books tell you to use two. That is a bunch of hooey. Well I don't know how many words I have but I need my report stat cuz it's due tomorrow. So, with no further ado, I end my fake essay by saying, goodbye. What is wrong with this paper? Didn't I put enough words in it? It seems like culture and society are words I can use to make my registration complete. It may be that it is too short. Or I might not be using words like exploration or journalism. Some other things it could be are they know this entire report is not real. So therefore, two out of three is not bad. Therefore I will make this long as possible. Apparently you are not truly married. Whoa! I say. This paper has to be 250 words or more. I don't understand it. This is the third time I tried sending it and to my surprise it's not long enough. What more can I do? It's tough writing essays like this man.The communications links of the Internet are also owned and maintained in the same anarchic fashion as the hosts. Each owner of an Internet host is responsible for finding and paying for a communications link that will get that host tied in with at least one other host. Communications links may be as simple as a phone line, a wireless data link such as cellular digital packet data, or as complicated as a high speed fiber optic link. As long as the communications link can use TCP/IP or UUCP, it can fit into the Internet. Thus the net grows with no overall coordination. A new owner of an Internet host need only get permission to tie into one communications link to one other host. Alternatively, if the provider of the communications link decides this host is, for example, a haven for spammers, it can cut this â€Å"rogue site† off of the Internet. The rogue site then must snooker some other communications link into tying it into the Internet again.

Nicholas Sparks

The book Dear John by Nicholas Sparks is about a man named John Tyree. He is 23 years old and in the Army. John's father has Asberger's syndrome and has a life passion of collecting coins. While he is home on leave he meets a girl named Savannah. Savannahis 21 years old and is a college student at the University of North Carolina. She is a volunteer for Habitat for Humanity. John and Savannah at Wilmington on the beach. Savannah was hanging out with some friends who also volunteer for Habitat for Humanity. Savannah's purse falls into the ocean and John dives in to save it.After John saves her purse they start talking and become friends. They start hanging out and eventually go out on a date. The relationship grows very fast since John has to return to Germany in a week. Savannah and John get to know each other and the two of them fall in love. They promise to wait for each other since John has one year of service in the Army left before being honorably discharged. September 11 happen s and John deciding to be a hero re-enlists for the Army. Savannah understands his motivation of heroism but sadly hurt, she continues to wait for John to be honorably discharged.While John is in the Army and stationed in Germany Savannah and John write letters to each other constantly. Every letter declaring their love for each other. Eventually John notices that their letters come less often and savannah becomes less intimate. Soon he gets the letter he has been dreading. The letter telling him that Savannah has fallen for someone else. John does not respond to Savannah's last letter but instead burns all of the letters from her that he had saved. He decides to put all his efforts into being a good soldier.John re-enlists for the Army again and stays away from his home for 3 more years. John's father gets sick and John goes home to see him. He tells his dad how much he means and how much John loves him. His father gets out of the hospital and goes home. John goes back to Germany f or a bit more time. Then his father dies. He goes home for his father's funeral and decides to look Savannah up. He finds out she got married to her long time friend, Tim after he was stricken with melanoma. John and Savannah become friends again while Tim is in the hospital. John figures out his true feelings for Savannah.He decides he wants her to be happy and that meant not breaking up her marriage. He donates money anonymously for treatment to save Tim's life. The book The Last Song by Nicholas Sparks is about a girl named Ronnie Miller. Ronnie is seventeen years old, a vegetarian, and an animal lover. who is sent by her mother to spend the summer after graduation with her ten-year-old brother, Jonah, visiting her father, Steve. Her father is a former Julliard professor. He divorced Ronnie's mother, Kim, three years earlier. He left New York City for his childhood home, Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina.Ever since he divorced her mom and moved away Ronnie has refused to talk to him or to play the piano, which was their shared passion and becomes a rebellious clubber. Jonah immediately bonds with Steve over a stained glass window that Steve has been recreating for the local church after the original burned down in a mysterious arson. Ronnie is hostile towards Steve. Ronnie asks Steve to Board up his Piano. Steve boards up his beloved piano and instead pursues his search for God's presence. He also begins writing a piano composition using a piano owned by the church. Eventually she begins to soften towards him.Steve shows Ronnie a Loggerhead Sea Turtle nest that Jonah found near their home. Ronnie vows to protect the endangered creatures. While watching over the turtle nest she meets an aquarium volunteer named Will. They soon fall in love and spend several beautiful weeks together. Will's mother and his ex-girlfriend attempt to drive Will and Ronnie apart. Will's best friend and beach volleyball partner, Scott is annoyed that Will is not practicing for the ir upcoming tournament. Marcus continues antagonizing Ronnie and blackmails Will with his knowledge of the secret that Scott was responsible for the church arson.Will and Ronnie also worry about the end of summer. At the end of summer Will is leaving for Vanderbilt University and Ronnie has a shoplifting trial. While dancing at Will's sister's wedding, Ronnie and Will begin to wander away to Will's boat for privacy. They are followed by Marcus. Marcus instigates Will into a fight which wrecks the wedding reception. Worried that the rich and powerful family will press charges, Marcus decides to raise money to leave town by putting on the most dangerous fire-juggling act the next day, the same day as Will's volleyball tournament.The act begins amazingly but Blaze misses a catch and her shirt catches fire. Her screams and the flames attract the attention of the volleyball tournament crowd, including Ronnie and Will. As they drive Blaze to the hospital, Marcus and his crew run away. Wil l goes to Bower's Point to seek revenge for Blaze and finds Marcus, Teddy, and Lance around a fire drinking beers. He fights with the three of them and right in the middle of beating up Marcus Ronnie stops Will, telling him Marcus isn't worth ruining his life over.Afterward, Scott accuses Will of ruining his life and Will walks out, telling Scott he needs to reveal the truth behind what he has done. Ronnie takes Steve to see them install the stained-glass window in the church when construction resumed because the Blakelees decide to anonymously fund the rebuilding of the church. Following Steve's funeral, Ronnie moves back to New York, auditions for Julliard. Then Will comes back and at moment they kiss. The story is about a guy name logan who finds a photo of a woman while serving a tour in iraq. This picture finds hime good luck so when he gets back home he decides to find her. ll he goes by is the name on the back that says â€Å"keep safe! E† The picture shows the girl wi th two other guys in a fair with a huge ferris wheel behind it. He sets forth trying to find this mystery woman. He trys to look her up in phone books and does research and narrows it down to North Carolina where he finally finds the woman. He travels with his dog Zeus ( i think german shepard) and like a bum he travels while traveling he runs into a cop named Keith who he later finds out is Elizabeth ( the girl hes been looking for's ex husband).Logan teaches Keith a lesson by slashing the police mans tires and I think trashing his camera which Logan caught Keith taking pictures of college co eds nearby at a party house. When Keith goes to talk to the teenagers or whatever logan exchanges a few words with Keith and wanders off and Keith senses that something wrong with this guy. Logan gives a fake name Thibault (actually his last name) to the Keith when he asks for his name so in the story Keith knows logan as Thibault. Keith is a police officer and his dad is like the chief sherri f in town.Logan finally finds where she works at a dog kennel and applies there for a job. At first they think hes kinda weird traveling for so long from far away just to get a fresh start and wants a job here but they soon find him loving and elizabeth soon falls in love with him. She has a son named Ben whos like a genius he must be like 8 or 9 years old and likes to play chess alot! Zeus loves to play with Ben and soon they're grow trust in Logan. Logan. Oh and elizabeths Nana works like day and night in the kennel too. Nana is always right and has a keen aura that she can sense people like if they're lying or nice and stuff like that.Soon Logan gets into their life and roads cross where Keith finds out this weirdo is dating his ex wife whom he still has feelings for or wants to bang.. lol. ( in the book he talks about how her body looks good and he would want a friend with benefit thing or something) and Keith finds the dirt on Logan and tells elizabeth about the photo he has of her and how hes hunted her down like some werido stalker. Elizabeth freaks out and tells Logan to get out of her life. Logan however had showed and given the photo to Ben a few chapters before this happend. He just tells ben to keep it and not tell anyone.Oh ben has this secret get away tree house he loves by the lake and goes there to think and play and stuff. Oh Keith is a fake name that Keith Clayton have given to Logan cause he thought he was shady and lied to him. Keith is Bens biological father and was never close to Ben because ben was smart and liked chess while keith always wanted a kid to play catch and football with, so whenever Ben would go to Keiths like every other weekend he would dread it and hate it and just read a book during the time he was there, keith would make him clean the house and stupid stuff like that.After when Elizabeth wants Logan out her life, Keith tries to swoop in and have a relationship with her and she refuses then Keith says that he'll try to g et full custody over ben if she doesn't date him. This only happens for a chapter then the last chapter Ben is missing and they know hes in the tree house its stormy and the tree house is poorly built and dangerous. In the end Keith dies drowning trying to save Ben. Logan and Elizabeth, Ben and Zeus live together happy in the end. I hope this helps and good luck on your test!Okay so I read this book like a couple months back but have it with me and I will try to make some highlights for you:The story is about a guy name logan who finds a photo of a woman while serving a tour in iraq. This picture finds hime good luck so when he gets back home he decides to find her. all he goes by is the name on the back that says â€Å"keep safe! E† The picture shows the girl with two other guys in a fair with a huge ferris wheel behind it. He sets forth trying to find this mystery woman. He trys to look her up in phone books and does research and narrows it down to North Carolina where he f inally finds the woman.He travels with his dog Zeus ( i think german shepard) and like a bum he travels while traveling he runs into a cop named Keith who he later finds out is Elizabeth ( the girl hes been looking for's ex husband). Logan teaches Keith a lesson by slashing the police mans tires and I think trashing his camera which Logan caught Keith taking pictures of college co eds nearby at a party house. When Keith goes to talk to the teenagers or whatever logan exchanges a few words with Keith and wanders off and Keith senses that something wrong with this guy.Logan gives a fake name Thibault (actually his last name) to the Keith when he asks for his name so in the story Keith knows logan as Thibault. Keith is a police officer and his dad is like the chief sherrif in town. Logan finally finds where she works at a dog kennel and applies there for a job. At first they think hes kinda weird traveling for so long from far away just to get a fresh start and wants a job here but the y soon find him loving and elizabeth soon falls in love with him.She has a son named Ben whos like a genius he must be like 8 or 9 years old and likes to play chess alot! Zeus loves to play with Ben and soon they're grow trust in Logan. Logan. Oh and elizabeths Nana works like day and night in the kennel too. Nana is always right and has a keen aura that she can sense people like if they're lying or nice and stuff like that. Soon Logan gets into their life and roads cross where Keith finds out this weirdo is dating his ex wife whom he still has feelings for or wants to bang.. lol. in the book he talks about how her body looks good and he would want a friend with benefit thing or something) and Keith finds the dirt on Logan and tells elizabeth about the photo he has of her and how hes hunted her down like some werido stalker. Elizabeth freaks out and tells Logan to get out of her life. Logan however had showed and given the photo to Ben a few chapters before this happend. He just tel ls ben to keep it and not tell anyone. Oh ben has this secret get away tree house he loves by the lake and goes there to think and play and stuff.Oh Keith is a fake name that Keith Clayton have given to Logan cause he thought he was shady and lied to him. Keith is Bens biological father and was never close to Ben because ben was smart and liked chess while keith always wanted a kid to play catch and football with, so whenever Ben would go to Keiths like every other weekend he would dread it and hate it and just read a book during the time he was there, keith would make him clean the house and stupid stuff like that. After when Elizabeth wants Logan out her life, Keith ries to swoop in and have a relationship with her and she refuses then Keith says that he'll try to get full custody over ben if she doesn't date him. This only happens for a chapter then the last chapter Ben is missing and they know hes in the tree house its stormy and the tree house is poorly built and dangerous. In the end Keith dies drowning trying to save Ben. Logan and Elizabeth, Ben and Zeus live together happy in the end. I hope this helps and good luck on your test! | |

Meet Us #IRL At Content Marketing World This September 5-8, 2017! - CoSchedule Blog

Meet Us #IRL At Content Marketing World This September 5-8, 2017! Blog Will you be in Cleveland, Ohio, for Content Marketing World this September? Me, too. You read that right- will be at Content Marketing World this  September 4-8, 2017. So come meet us at our booth! And  you can even grab some super actionable education from our CEO and Co-Founder, Garrett Moon, who is leading a session at Content Marketing World. Its gonna be fun. And we wanna share that fun with you. So stay in the loop if youre going to be there, and get on this special email list right now.  Well use this list to keep you informed of  what were up to at Content Marketing World and in Cleveland. (function () { var e = document.createElement('script'); e.type = 'text/javascript'; e.async = true; e.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https' : 'http') + '://btn.createsend1.com/js/sb.min.js?v=3'; e.className = 'createsend-script'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(e, s); })(); If youre gonna be at Content Marketing World this fall its time for you to make a couple plans. Let me help you do just that. Attend Garretts Session = Going Beyond Content Marketing: Turning Traffic Into Leads You’re consistently hammering out content†¦ but no one’s buying. Content into a demand generation engine is a riddle every marketer has to solve. So how do you optimize your content to attract the right audience that will convert into the perfect customers for your business? The silver bullet exists. Attend Garretts session  to learn the secrets to turning traffic into leads and quadruple your content’s results through agile, startup-driven frameworks. Register to attend Garretts  session now on the official Content Marketing World website. Add this to your calendar now: Date: September 7, 2017 Time: 11:05-11:50 a.m. Location: Hope Ballroom A-C (Hilton Level 3) ^^I wouldnt miss Garretts session if I were you. ;) Connect  With Us At  The Booth At Content Marketing World Are you a marketing nerd? Have you considered using to organize all of your marketing projects in one place? Are you a current customer? If you answered, Yes, Nathan! to any of those questions, have I got a deal for you! Visit the booth to visit  with a bunch of team members. Youll get: Answers to your  nerdiest marketing questions. More information on and how you can get your marketing team extremely organized. Some cool swag like stickers, autographed books from our pal, Jay Baer, and a whole lot more. Ill be there, too. So Im looking forward to meeting all of you IRL! Heres where were going to be: ^^^ So you should be there, too. :D Add Two Things To Your Must-Do List At Content Marketing World Alright: Youve got two things to do: Register to attend Garretts session on turning your traffic into leads. Youll also want to add this to your calendar. (Im pretty big on scheduling, if you havent noticed.) ;) Make a note to meet us at the booth on September 5, 6,  7, or 8 to ask your marketing questions and learn how will help you organize everything. One last thing: Subscribe to this special email list so we can keep in touch with you! This list is only for the goings-on at Content Marketing World, so subscribe NOW: (function () { var e = document.createElement('script'); e.type = 'text/javascript'; e.async = true; e.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https' : 'http') + '://btn.createsend1.com/js/sb.min.js?v=3'; e.className = 'createsend-script'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(e, s); })(); Were excited to meet you!

Fleshing Out and Flushing Out

Fleshing Out and Flushing Out Fleshing Out and Flushing Out Fleshing Out and Flushing Out By Maeve Maddox Suzanne Baal notes: [an] error that Ive been hearing lately is flesh it out vs flush it out. I couldnt find any examples on the web of flesh it out being confused with flush it out, but I did find numerous comments made by people who say theyve heard the error: My last two bosses always talked of flushing out plans I never took the opportunity to correct them (and neither did anyone else, apparently). It drives me nuts when people use phrases that they dont understand! †¦one of my lecturers often interchanges them [flesh out and flush out] though its obvious hes meaning flesh out. I hear this CONSTANTLY among my colleagues and can hardly sit still and not correct them. Flush, this flush thatthey mean flesh!!! In the discussions I browsed, many of the commentators seemed to associate only one meaning with flush, that of flushing a toilet. Flesh Out vs. Flush OutEither way its disgusting Heres the thingflush it out only makes sense if your getting rid of something, and start all over. First, lets look at the expression to flesh out. As a verb, flesh has several meanings, but in the figurative phrase to flesh out, it means to add details to something that exists only in a preliminary, incomplete form. The metaphor is that of a skeleton or framework being built up with flesh or clay. To flesh out the complex arrangements, several studio musicians were brought in to read a heavily doctored score I remember saying I would do some character designs and begin to perhaps flesh out some ideas in writing for the beginning of the new story arc. OConnor has fleshed out his sound to create something truly inspiring The OED has ten entries for the word flush. Here Im concerned with only two meanings of flush as a verb. Flush, in the sense of moving water, comes from a Latin verb meaning to flow. We use it to mean to cause water to flow, as in flushing the toilet. Let children flush the toilet †¦so they arent afraid of the noise. Do not teach your cat to flush Flush can also mean to cleanse, usually by a rush of water. I was told that we need to flush out our coolant†¦ †¦products that remove ear wax may include a rubberized bulb for flushing out residue. This diet flushed out whatever was going on, Another meaning of flush is to cause to fly up This flush is not connected with the Latin word for to flow. Its origin is uncertain. It could be a imitative of the sound of rustling wings. In pheasant hunting, the hiding birds are flushed by men called beaters. Like me, youve probably seen movies with scenes set on English country estates where the local farmers form a line to flush the birds so that the gentry can shoot at them. †¦they waited for an almost solid line of beaters to flush the game toward them. †¦most woodcock shooting in Ireland is of the walked-up variety where it is more likely that birds will be flushed in groups rather than individually. The hunting term flush is often used figuratively: Robbers Flushed Out After Gun Battle With Police CIA chief hopeful of flushing out Osama This headline plays on the meaning of both kinds of flush: Cops Flush Out Suspect from Sewage Hideout To sum up: You flesh out a plan. You flush toilets and flush out toxins. You flush out game or people who are in hiding. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good WithOn Behalf Of vs. In Behalf Of20 Tips to Improve your Writing Productivity